Of the more than 470 cities in the state, at least 120 of them operate under a city charter, according to the California League of Cities.
The council's outsourcing plan has driven a wedge between public employees and a majority of the council. Employees accused the council of pushing through a political agenda, while the council majority argues they are trying to reduce growing pension costs.
Rumors swirled earlier this year of a potential recall against Righeimer, the mayor and others, but it never came to fruition.